ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
This study aims to determine the impact of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) assisted by Google Sites on the writing skills of 11th-grade students at SMK Negeri 4 Tarakan. This study employed a quantitative approach with a quasi- experimental design involving 62 students from 11th-grade DKV 2 and 11th- grade DKV 3 classes. The 11th-grade DKV 2 class was designated as the experimental group, while the 11th-grade DKV 3 class served as the control group. Data were collected through pre-tests and post-tests focused on students' writing skills. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality tests, homogeneity tests, and a paired-samples t-test. The results showed that the average score of the experimental group increased from 73.39 on the pre-test to 78.23 on the post-test, representing an increase of 4.84 points. The results of the paired-samples t-test showed a statistically significant difference between the pre- test and post-test scores in the experimental group ( t = - 3.606 ; df = 30 p = 0.001 ) In contrast, the mean score of the control group increased from 75.81 to 77.26, but the difference was not statistically significant ( t = - 0.85 ; df = 30 p = 0.402 ) These findings indicate that the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) assisted by Google Sites has a positive and significant effect on the writing skills of 11th-grade DKV 2 students. Thus, the implementation of PjBL assisted by Google Sites can improve the writing skills of 11th-grade DKV 2 students.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
Di tengah meningkatnya permasalahan kesehatan mental pada dewasa muda, perilaku self injury atau menyakiti diri sendiri menjadi salah satu isu yang mendapat perhatian global. Self injury merupakan tindakan melukai diri sendiri secara sengaja tanpa tujuan mengakhiri hidup yang dilakukan sebagai cara untuk meredakan tekanan emosional yang dirasakan individu. Salah satu intervensi yang dapat membantu individu mengekspresikan emosi secara lebih adaptif adalah teknik expressive writing. Efektivitas teknik expressive writing dalam membantu individu memahami dan mengelola pengalaman emosional yang dialaminya. Sebanyak dua orang klien dengan kecenderungan self injury diberikan Tindakan Keperawatan Ners, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan intervensi inovasi berupa teknik expressive writing yang dilaksanakan selama lima sesi. Kedua klien dilakukan pengukuran menggunakan kuesioner Self Injury dan Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale Short Form (DERS-SF) sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah pemberian asuhan keperawatan, skor self injury pada kedua klien mengalami peningkatan, namun masih berada pada kategori sedang. Skor DERS-SF juga mengalami peningkatan, tetapi tetap berada pada kategori sedang. Setelah diberikan intervensi expressive writing, skor self injury pada kedua klien kembali meningkat sehingga kategori berubah dari sedang menjadi rendah. Sementara itu, skor DERS-SF juga meningkat, namun kategorinya tetap berada pada kategori sedang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan keperawatan dan expressive writing meningkatkan kemampuan koping dan regulasi emosi, serta menurunkan kecenderungan self injury pada kedua klien. Penerapan Expressive Writing sebagai intervensi inovasi dalam asuhan keperawatan jiwa membantu menurunkan kecenderungan self injury dan mengembangkan mekanisme koping yang lebih adaptif, sehingga dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai intervensi pendamping pada klien dengan perilaku self injury.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
The purpose of the research was to determine the difficulties encountered by students in essay writing and the strategies employed to overcome these challenges. This research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The subjects consisted of six fourth-semester students majoring in the English Education Department at Universitas Borneo Tarakan. Data were collected through documentation studies and semi-structured interviews. Then, the data were analyzed using the framework by Miles and Huberman (1994). The results of the research showed that the students had experienced difficulties in the psychological, linguistic, and cognitive aspects. These difficulties included low self-confidence, limited vocabulary and grammatical mastery, difficulties in developing ideas, and challenges in organizing thoughts within an essay. To mitigate these difficulties, the students used various strategies such as outlining, brainstorming, reading academic references, utilizing dictionaries, using writing assistant applications and Al technology, as well as conducting peer feedback.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2025•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
This study examines the effectiveness of the roundtable technique in teaching descriptive writing among seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 10 Tarakan. This study uses a quantitative method with a pre-experimental design. Thirty students participated by completing pre-experimental and post-experimental tests to evaluate their descriptive text writing skills before and after the application of the roundtable discussion technique. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test showed a significant increase between the pre-experimental and post-experimental test results (Z = -4.915, p 0.001). The findings of this study indicate that the roundtable technique greatly improves students' performance in descriptive writing while increasing their engagement, confidence, and cooperation in class. This technique also makes students more active, responsible, and supportive of each other during learning activities. Therefore, the roundtable technique has been proven to be an effective strategy for improving writing skills and collaborative learning.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2025•
The study aimed to identify the differences in writing ability scores of students using the 2013 curriculum and the merdeka curriculum in class XI at SMAN 1 and SMAN 3 Malinau during the 2023/2024 academic year. This study employed a comparative causal method, involving 65 eleventh-grade stusents at SMAN 1 Malinau and 52 eleventh-grade students at SMAN 3 Malinau, which utilised the purposive sampling technique. The researcher used questions adapted from the TOEIC Writing Skills by Collins. In analysing the data, the researcher used SPSS 26.0. The average score of students at SMAN 1 Malinau was 68.62 (Level 3 TOEIC proficiency), (Level A1-Beginner) based on the CEFR level. Meanwhile, the average score of students at SMAN 3 Malinau was 44.42 (Level 2 TOEIC proficiency), (Level A1-Beginner) based on the CEFR level. The Mann- Whitney test results showed a P-value of 3.415, which is higher than the significance level of 0.05. The study results showed a difference in the average writing scores of SMAN 1 Malinau who used the 2013 Curriculum and those at SMAN 3 Malinau who used the Merdeka Curriculum.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2025•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
Writing is one of the important skills in English that is often difficult for students, especially in composing descriptive texts. Therefore, it is necessary to implement creative and effective learning strategies. This study aims to find out how much influence the brainwriting strategy has on the ability to write descriptive texts of grade XI students at SMAN 3 Tarakan. This study uses a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The subject of the study was grade XI students of SMAN 3 Tarakan, with a sample of 34 students from grades XI-D. The data collection instrument is in the form of a written test consisting of a pre-test and post-test. Data analysis was carried out using the SPSS version 23.0 program. The results of the analysis showed that the average pre-test score was 48.12 and increased to 66.98 in the post-test. Based on the results of the paired sample t-test, a significance value of 0.000 was obtained, which means it is smaller than 0.05. This indicates that the alternative hypothesis is accepted, while the null hypothesis is rejected. Thus, the use of brainwriting strategies has proven to be effective in improving the descriptive text writing skills of grade XI students at SMAN 3 Tarakan.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2025•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
Writing is recognized as an important skill for effective communication and the expression of ideas. However, many students still struggle to develop this skill. This research was conducted due to the low writing achievement of students and it aimed to determine the effect of using personal photos as a learning medium on the writing achievement of eleventh-grade students at SMAN 3 Tarakan. This research used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pre-test and post-test model, involving 36 students from class XI-A. The instruments used written test in the form of a pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. The research results indicated an improvement in students’ writing achievement. In the pre-test stage, the average score of 58.5 was below the school's minimum standard (KKTP), indicating that most students had not yet reached the expected competencies in writing skills. However, after giving the treatment through the use of personal photos as a learning media, the mean score improved to 71.98, which means it had exceeded the school’s standard score and indicated a significant improvement in students’ writing achievement. The Wilcoxon test results showed a significance value of 0.000 (p 0.05), which means the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. These findings showed that the use of personal photograph has a statistically significant effect in improving the writing achievements of eleventh-grade students at SMAN 3 Tarakan.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2025•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
Writing is an English language ability that many students still struggle with. This study aimed to improve the writing skills of eleventh-grade students at SMK Kesehatan Kaltara Tarakan by applying the Think-Talk-Write (TTW) strategy. This research was conducted using the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method. consisting of two cycles, which included planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The research subjects were 22 students from class XI-Pharmacy. The data of this study were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods. The results showed that applying the TTW strategy significantly improved students' ability to write descriptive text. In the first cycle, most students experienced difficulties in writing. However, after implementing the TTW strategy in the second appropriate linguistic features, and composing paragraphs coherently. Quantitative data supported these findings, with the percentage of students meeting the minimum completion criteria increasing from only 5% in the first cycle to a much higher percentage in the second cycle. The observation results also indicated an increase in students' involvement, participation, and motivation in the writing process. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Think-Talk-Write strategy was effective in improving students' descriptive writing skills and can be recommended as an alternative method in learning English writing at SMK Kesehatan Kaltara Tarakan.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2025•
This study aims to analyze grammatical errors in the writing of eighth-grade students at SMPK Frater Don Bosco Tarakan and to identify their causes. This study employed a qualitative descriptive method and involved 20 students. Data gathered through paragraph-writing assignments and interviews, and examined according to the Surface Strategy Taxonomy established by Dulay et al, (1982), encompass omission, addition, misformation, and misordering, The study's results indicate 127 grammatical errors, categorized as omissions (33), additions (5), misformations (76), and misordering (13), with misformations as the predominant error type. These errors were caused by a lack of grasp of syntax, the effect of the original language, and difficulty in translating concepts. This study found that students still require practice and feedback to improve their writing skills. Future researchers are encouraged to look into other areas, such as mechanical faults in writing.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•
This study aimed to determine find out whether the use of Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) had a significant effect on writing of eighth grade students at SMPN 2 Tarakan. This research used pre-experimental design and eighth grade students at SMPN 2 Tarakan as the populations. The number of sample in this research were 30 students of VIII-H which were chosen by using convenience sampling technique. A writing test was as the research instrument. Data analyzed are data from pre-test and posttest. The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using the IBM SPSS stastistics 23. The result of this study indicated that there were 13.37 points of difference in the average writing score between the pretest (53.93) and the posttest (67.30). It can be seen that the improvement of students' mean score in the posttest was higgher than pretest and it indicated that there was significant difference from students' writing score between pretest and posttest. Moreover, the result of paired sample t-test showed that the calculated t-value was 84.08 higher than the critical t value (2.045), the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted. The result of this analysis proved that there was a significant effect on eighth grade students of SMPN 2 Tarakan taught using the Picture Word Inductive Model in writing.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
This study aimed to determine whether there was a significant difference in the writing skills of eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Nunukan, which used the Merdeka Curriculum, compared to those at SMA Negeri 2 Nunukan, which adopted the 2013 Curriculum. A causal-comparative research design was employed, with a sample size of 114 students selected using a purposive sampling technique, this technique was chosen to ensure that the respondents have characteristics relevant to the research objectives. The research instruments included writing tests and interviews, in which the writing test questions were adapted from Collins' TOEIC Writing Skills. Due to the non-normal distribution of the data, the Mann-Whitney test was utilized to determine the differences between the groups. The results revealed a significant difference in the writing skills between the two groups. The mean score for students at SMA Negeri 1 Nunukan, which implemented the Merdeka Curriculum, was 144.04, placing them at a TOEIC proficiency level of 7 and at the B1-Intermediate level according to the CEFR levels. In contrast, students at SMA Negeri 2 Nunukan, who learned English under the 2013 Curriculum, had a mean score of 122.28, placing them at a TOEIC proficiency level of 6 and also within the B1-Intermediate level but noticeably lower. The Mann-Whitney test showed a p-value of 0.001, which was less than the significance level of 0.05, indicating a statistically significant difference. Furthermore, the effect size was calculated at 0.4312, indicating a medium effect. This disparity in writing skills is attributed to the differences in learning systems, with the Merdeka Curriculum proving more in enhancing students writing skills compared to the 2013 Curriculum.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
This study aimed to investigate the significance of effects of mind mapping on student’s writing abilities. This study employed a quasi-experimental design. The research sample consists of two classes selected through purposive sampling techniques. Data was collected using writing tests administered during pretest and posttest to measure students’ writing abilities. The results indicated that the mean difference in the control class is higher than that in the experimental class. This is because the use of mind mapping is most effective when used with actively participating students. In contrast, in this study, students in the experimental class were less active during the learning process. On the other hand, in the control class, students actively played online an online game called Roblox. The Roblox game helped students expand their English vocabulary, which potentially aided their writing. From this study, it can be concluded that mind mapping is still effective in helping students improve their writing skills, although it was not maximized in this context. The results would be more significant if the students were actively engaged in the learning process.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
This research discusses the difficulties of students in writing paragraphs of the second semester students of English Education at the University of Borneo Tarakan. The problem in this research was the difficulty of students in writing paragraphs and the factors that cause students to have difficulty in writing paragraphs. The purpose of the research was to find out the difficulties of the students in writing paragraphs and describe the factors that cause students to have difficulty in writing paragraphs. This research was descriptive qualitative. The data source of this research was the second semester students of English education at Borneo University Tarakan. The number of students involved in this research was 40 students. The researcher used tests and interviews as research instruments. The researcher analyzed the data by reducing the data, displaying the data and finally drawing conclusions. The researcher used Miles and Huberman’s stages in analyzing the data, namely data collection, data reduction, data display and conclusion. The results of the research showed that first, the answers found that the majority of students have been able to make paragraphs well and the minority of them are quite difficult in writing paragraphs on five aspects namely content, organization, vocabulary, language use, and mechanics. The researcher used interval classification scoring guidelines including Excellent, Good, Fair, Less and Poor. With a total of 40 research subjects, in the content aspect it was that only 5% were sufficient, 17% were sufficient on organization, 7.5% were sufficient on vocabulary, 22.5% were sufficient on language use, and 22.5% were sufficient and 2.5% were poor on mechanics. The dominant aspect is the low of language use and mechanics with a percentage of 22.5% and 22.5% in the fair category and 2.5% in the poor category on mechanics. Second, the causes of students' difficulties in writing paragraphs are internal and external factors that hinder the learning process of students such as the environment, stress level, motivation and lack of practice.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
Writing paragraphs can be a difficult task for individuals who are not native English speakers. This study aims to discover and analyze errors in paragraph writing among second-semester students in the English Department, as well as to determine the underlying causes of these errors. This study investigates intricate social processes through a qualitative and descriptive methodology. The study included a sample of 39 second-semester English Department 2023 local A1 students recruited via purposive sampling. Data were gathered through document analysis and interviews, which yielded an extensive understanding of the writing talents of the pupils. The data analysis process adheres to the structure developed by Miles and Huberman, which consists of three main stages: data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The study uncovers a substantial disparity between students' writing abilities and anticipated results, emphasizing the necessity for focused interventions in summarization, grammar, vocabulary, and mechanics. Interviews with instructors validate these concerns, and it is suggested that a combination of teaching methods, such as direct instruction, mind mapping, workshops, and ongoing feedback, be employed to enhance abilities and cultivate a favorable learning atmosphere.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
This research aims to describe students’ problems in writing skils in eight-grade students at SMPN 5 Tarakan. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method. This research was conducted at SMPN 5 Tarakan with a class VIII-C of 31students. The data collected used analysis documents and questionaires as research instruments. From data analysis, researchers found students’ problem and the causes of the problems from English writing skills for class VIII-C SMPN 5 Tarakan. Especially in describing objects, writing vocabulary, and making mistakes when working on questions according to instructions. Furthermore, lack of vocabulary, teaching methods, less effective strategies, and the students’ environment. Based on the findings above, the researcher concluded that the biggest cause of students’ difficulties in English writing skills is background knowledge and the lack of vocabulary.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
The aim of the study was to analyze the factors contributing to students’ difficulties in the paragraph writing course. The research method employed was Descriptive Qualitative, with the research population consisting of 34 second-semester students of English Education in the A1 class. The sample comprises eight students selected using a purposive sampling technique. The researcher utilized Observation and Interviews as research instruments. Data analysis techniques involved data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion verification. The research findings indicated four indicators influencing difficulties in writing a paragraph: Content, Organization, Grammar, and Mechanics. Determining content and organization emerged as prominent issues affecting students in paragraph writing. Students’ problems in writing a paragraph were also influenced by various factors, categorized into internal and external factors. Internal factors affected students’ low self-motivation, low self-confidence, and inadequate vocabulary mastery. Dominant internal factors were low self-confidence The external factors that influenced was teaching style, unsupportive environment, and classroom situation. The dominant external factors are an unsupportive learning environment and classroom situation. This research concluded that there were dominant indicators and factors influencing students in writing paragraphs.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•
This study aimed to design English worksheets focused on writing skills using a text-based approach at SMAN 1 Tarakan. The research design employed was Research and Development (R&D) using the ADDIE Model. There are five development stages of development, namely (1) Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Development, (4) Implementation, and (5) Evaluation. The research instruments utilized included questionnaires, interviews, validation sheets, and observation sheets. The research findings indicated that: 1) Design and Layout Validation received a total score of 48.00 with a percentage of 92%, categorized as highly appropriate. 2) Material and Content Expert Validation received a total score of 33.00 with a percentage of 82.5%, categorized as appropriate. 3) Language Expert Validation received a total score of 35.00 with a percentage of 87.5%, categorized as very appropriate. 4) The practicality questionnaire results received a total score of 30.00 with a percentage of 93%, categorized as very practical. The students’ responses to the worksheet after testing showed a positive response with a percentage of over 85% for each indicator. Therefore, the text-based English writing worksheet for grade X students are applicable as an English learning medium in high schools.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
The study aimed to identify the problems faced by students in writing a recount text in English and the factors influencing these problems. The research method used in this study was qualitative, with the subjects being eight-grade students of SMPN 8 Tarakan. The sample was determined using purposive sampling, consisting of 29 students. Data collection techniques included tests and interviews, with the research instruments being a writing test and an interview script. The results of the study showed that there were several aspects of writing, namely Organization with an average score of 14.34, Vocabulary with an average score of 12.21 (categorized as Good to Average), Content with an average score of 20.79, Grammar with an average score of 15.38, and Mechanics with an average score of 3.41 (categorized as Fair to Poor). The students’ problems in writing recount texts were influenced by various factors, including a lack of understanding of recount text material, limited vocabulary, low self-confidence, feelings of same, and the influence of the mother tongue. External factors include teaching styles, an unsupportive environment, and classroom situations.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
The purpose of this study was to find out whether students at SMK Negeri 2 Tarakan who received instruction through the Padlet application as a medium and those who received instruction through traditional media had different writing skill. Class Ten Automotive Body Engineering (TBO) 1 was the experimental class in this study, while class Ten Automotive Body Engineering (TBO) 3 was the control class that was selected through the use of the purposive sampling technique. The research methodology employed in this study was a quasi-experimental method, and the design form selected was non-equivalent control design. The data were examined by researcher using the independent sample t-test. The study's findings indicated that when it came to teaching students' writing skill, there was a noticeable difference between those who learned using the Padlet application as a medium and those who learned using traditional books. The hypothesis test findings showed that the significant factor was, on average, less than 0.05. This was supported by the t- test, which came out at 0.000 smaller than 0.05 and an N-gain score of 0.3410 higher than 0.30. According to the data, Ho was rejected while Ha was accepted. Ha claimed a significant increase in students' writing skill through the Padlet application as a medium for practicing writing skill for tenth grade students at SMK Negeri 2 Tarakan.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
The purpose of this research is to determine the significant effect of Role, Audience, Format, Topic (RAFT) strategy on students' writing skills. The method used in this research was pre-experimental method. The sample for this research was the students of eight grade of SMP Negeri 5 Tarakan. The instruments used are writing test of pre-test and post-test. In addition, the researcher analyzed the data using the paired sample t-test with SPSS 26.0. From data analysis, the research results showed that the mean score for pre-test writing was 59.04 and the mean score post-test was 74.92. The results of Paired Sample T-test obtained a value of 0.000 which is smaller than 0.05, which meant that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted and the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Role, Audience, Format, Topic (RAFT) strategy had proven effective in improving the writing skills of eighth grade students at SMPN 5 Tarakan.
