ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the external lightning protection system of the State Elementary School 041 (SDN 041) building in Tarakan City using the protection angle method and the rolling sphere method, in accordance with the General Regulations for Lightning Protection Installations (PUIPP) and SNI 03-7015-2004. The evaluation was conducted to determine the estimated lightning strike hazard level, the extent of the protected area, the effectiveness of the installed protection system, and the adequacy of the grounding resistance value. A quantitative descriptive research method was employed, involving the collection of building dimension data and monthly thunderstorm data, as well as direct soil resistance measurements using an Earth Tester. Calculation results showed that a lightning strike hazard index of 12, indicating that the installation of a lightning protection system was highly recommended. The building's protected area (A_e) was calculated to be 3,958.22 m², with a direct lightning strike frequency (N_d) of 0.052 strikes per year, placing the building in Protection Level IV. Evaluation using the protection angle method with a 45° angle resulted in a protection radius of 31.125 meters for each air terminal, with the entire building structure situated within the safe zone. Analysis using the rolling sphere method with a 60-meter radius showed that the sphere did not touch the building structure but only contacted the air terminals, with an estimated lightning strike current of 234.89 A. Field measurements indicated a grounding resistance value of 209 2; subsequent parallel calculation showed a value of 0.23 2, which met the safety standard of SNI 03-7015-2004 (requiring a value below 52).
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
EVALUATION OF THE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION OF THE FACULTY OF MEDICAL BUILDING, UNIVERSITY OF BORNEO TARAKAN Abstract Evaluation of electrical installations in new buildings is necessary to ensure compliance with PUIL 2011 standards, especially in protection, lighting and conduction systems. This research aims to assess the condition of the electrical installations of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Borneo, Tarakan Building and provide recommendations for improvement. This research uses a quantitative descriptive method carried out through field observations, measurements and analysis based on PUIL 2011. The results show that the electrical load on Floor 1 is 72.90 kW with a current of 138.45 A and MCB 160 A. Floor 2 is 7.91 kW with a current of 15.03 A and MCB 16 A, while Floor 3 is 257.53 kW with a current of 489.09 A and MCB 630 A. All currents are still below the safety capacity. The use of 4mm cables on Floor 1 and 2.5mm on Floors 2 and 3 still meets the current carrying capacity. However, there is a load imbalance between phases. Electrical installations are not yet fully up to standard and require repairs to increase safety and efficiency
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
This study aims to analyze the legal protection afforded to consumers engaging in digital transactions through the QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard) application. Based on the research background, two primary issues are addressed: first, the form of legal protection available to consumers in digital transactions via the QRIS application; and second, the challenges and legal remedies for issues arising in such transactions. Based on the results of the research, the issue of legal protection for consumers in digital transactions through the QRIS application shows that although various regulations governing consumer protection already exist, their implementation has not yet been carried out optimally. Consumers still face risks such as transaction failures, personal data breaches, and unclear allocation of responsibility among the parties involved. Therefore, increased supervision, law enforcement, and consumer education are required so that the use of QRIS can provide more effective and fair legal protection. Legal resolution of QRIS transaction disputes for consumers can be pursued through complaints to payment system service providers, non-litigation dispute resolution through the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK), reporting to Bank Indonesia or the Financial Services Authority (OJK), as well as civil lawsuits filed in court based on the Consumer Protection Law. The effectiveness of these mechanisms depends on the compliance of service providers and the level of consumers’ legal literacy.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
ABSTRAK URGENSI PENERAPAN MEKANISME INFORMED CONSENT DALAM RANGKA MENCEGAH TUNTUTAN MALPRAKTIK DALAM PERJANJIAN TERAPEUTIK ANTONIUS LABA SARA Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis urgensi penerapan mekanisme informed consent dalam rangka mencegah tuntutan malpraktik dalam perjanjian terapeutik. Fokus penelitian diarahkan pada dua permasalahan utama, yaitu: pertama, bagaimana penerapan mekanisme informed consent dapat berfungsi sebagai instrumen pencegahan sengketa dan tuntutan malpraktik dalam hubungan hukum antara dokter dan pasien; dan kedua, bagaimana akibat hukum apabila mekanisme informed consent diabaikan dalam perjanjian terapeutik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach).. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan informed consent memiliki urgensi yang signifikan dalam memperkuat posisi hukum pasien sekaligus memberikan perlindungan hukum bagi tenaga medis. Mekanisme ini bukan sekadar formalitas administratif, melainkan merupakan proses komunikasi yang mendalam antara tenaga medis dan pasien yang mencakup penjelasan mengenai diagnosis, tindakan medis yang akan dilakukan, risiko, manfaat, serta alternatif pengobatan yang tersedia. Dengan demikian, informed consent dapat berfungsi sebagai instrumen preventif yang mengurangi potensi timbulnya tuntutan malpraktik. Sebaliknya, pengabaian terhadap mekanisme informed consent berimplikasi serius terhadap keabsahan perjanjian terapeutik. Secara hukum, pengabaian tersebut dapat menimbulkan akibat berupa tanggung jawab perdata, pidana, maupun administratif bagi tenaga medis, karena dianggap melanggar hak pasien atas informasi dan persetujuan tindakan medis. Di sisi lain, hal ini juga melemahkan hubungan kepercayaan antara dokter dan pasien serta berpotensi menurunkan kualitas pelayanan medis. Sebagai rekomendasi, penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya penguatan regulasi teknis terkait pelaksanaan informed consent, peningkatan pemahaman tenaga medis mengenai aspek hukum dan etika dalam pelayanan medis, serta optimalisasi mekanisme pengawasan dan sanksi bagi pelanggaran. Dengan demikian, penerapan informed consent dapat berfungsi secara efektif sebagai sarana perlindungan hukum yang seimbang bagi pasien maupun tenaga medis, serta sebagai instrumen preventif terhadap sengketa malpraktik di bidang kesehatan
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2025•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
This study aimed to evaluate the external lightning protection system installed at the Regional Library Building of Tarakan City using the Mesh and Rolling Sphere Methods in accordance with PUIPP and SNI 03-7015-2004 standards. The evaluation was conducted to ensure the level of protection of the building against lightning strikes and the suitability of the grounding resistance value to applicable standards. A descriptive quantitative method was employed, with field data collected on building dimensions, thunderstorm day frequency, and grounding resistance measured using an Earth Meter. The calculation results indicated that the protected area covered 2,327.01 m², with a direct lightning strike frequency of 3.09 times per year and a Level II protection classification with an efficiency of 0.96. The ground resistance value obtained from field measurements was 0.488 Ω, while the value calculated based on SNI standards was 0.1426 Ω. Furthermore, analysis using the rolling sphere method showed that a sphere radius of 30 meters with a lightning current of 93.21 kA did not make contact with any part of the building, indicating that the external lightning protection system was functioning properly. Based on the analysis, the lightning protection system of the building complied with safety standards and operated effectively; nevertheless, periodic inspections were recommended to ensure sustained optimal system performance.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2025•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
This research aims to find out the legal protection for students as a victim involved in the crime of trafficking in persons under the guise of an internship. As well as to find out the accountability of criminal acts against the perpetrators. All sources obtained in the research, both primary sources of legal materials, secondary sources of legal materials, and sources of non-legal materials will be analyzed using normative legal methods with a statutory and conceptual approach. In addition, it is described by examining the existing problems, as well as describing and explaining the problems related to this research. Based on the results of the research and discussion, the author concludes that legal protection for students as victims of human trafficking under the guise of internships is one of the cases with the latest mode that takes advantage of the enthusiasm of the Independent Learning Independent Campus Internship Program with interest from universities in Indonesia. Based on the accountability of criminal acts against perpetrators regarding the Ferienjob Internship Program In Germany, Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of Trafficking in Persons in Article 4 stipulates that every person who brings an Indonesian citizen outside the territory of the Republic of Indonesia with the intention of being exploited outside the territory of the Republic of Indonesia. This can be done by the authorities, for example, the Witness or Victim Protection Institution and the supervision of the Task Force because the implementation of internship programs abroad still lacks adequate supervision. Law enforcement officials must also carry out law enforcement.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR WOMEN VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE BY THE POLICE IN THE LEGAL JURISDICTION OF TARAKAN CITY ABSTRACT This study aims to answer two questions regarding legal protection for women victims of domestic violence. First, how is the implementation of temporary protection provided by the police to women victims of domestic violence in the legal jurisdiction of Tarakan City? Second, what are the obstacles faced by the police in providing temporary protection to women victims of domestic violence in the legal jurisdiction of Tarakan City? This research is empirical, meaning it is conducted by examining primary data. The data used in this thesis consists of primary and secondary data. Primary data is obtained from field research through data collection techniques such as interviews and observations. Secondary data is derived from literature. The results of the study indicate that: First, Article 16 paragraph (1) of the Domestic Violence Law regulates the mandatory temporary protection provided by the police, and paragraph (2) explains that temporary protection for women victims of domestic violence is provided for a maximum of 7 (seven) days. Based on the explanation of this article, the researcher believes that the concrete form of temporary protection implementation is the availability of a safe house for domestic violence victims. The Tarakan City Police Department has not provided a Safe House, thus the rights of the victims are not adequately fulfilled. Consequently, the author concludes that the implementation of temporary protection for women victims of domestic violence in the legal jurisdiction of Tarakan City has not been effectively carried out. Second, the obstacles faced by the police in providing legal protection for domestic violence victims include the victims' fear of reporting or disclosing the perpetrator's actions, witnesses often not providing honest statements or being reluctant to provide information to the police due to fear of dealing with them, inadequate budget for operational costs, and lack of professionalism among investigators.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
Pembangunan nasional mendorong kemajuan di berbagai bidang ilmu salah satunya di bidang usaha yang memicu persaingan usaha tidak sehat antara para pelaku usaha. Akibatnya terjadi penurunan kualitas pada barang yang di produksi sehingga pada barang tersubut sering terdapat cacat produk baik cacat terlihat maupun cacat tersembunyi. Tujuan dari skripsi ini adalah untuk mempelajari dua hal yaitu untuk mengetahui bentuk perlindungan hukum pada cacat produk dan untuk mengetahui upaya hukum yang dapat ditempuh konsumen untuk meminta pertanggungjawaban pelaku usaha. Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan yaitu adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan jenis pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach), dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Perlindungan hukum sangat dibutukan untuk melindungi hak-hak konsumen. Menjawab permasalahan konsumen, di sahkanlah Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun I999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen yang biasa disebut UUPK. Bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen berupa dalam bentuk hukum perdata, hukum pidana dan hukum administrasi. Konsumen dalam meminta pertanggungjawaban Pelaku usaha dapat menggunakan upaya hukum. Penyelesaian sengketa konsumen dapat diselesaikan melalui penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan yaitu melalui badan penyelesaian sengketa konsumen atau BPSK maupun melalui pengadilan. Kasus yang penulis jadikan acuan yaitu Putusan Arbitrase BPSK Provinsi DKI Jakarta Nomor: 002/A/BPSK-DKI/IX/2012 mengenai cacat tersembunyi. National development encourages progress in various fields of science, one of them is in the field of business which triggers unfair business competition between business actors. As a result, there is a decrease in the quality of goods produced so the good often have product defects both visible defects and hidden defects. The objective of this research was to study two things, to identify the form of legal protection on product defects and to find out the legal effort that can be taken by consumers to hold business actors accountable. The research method used is normative legal research with a statue approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. Legal protection is needed to protect consumer rights. To solve consumer problems, Law Number 8 of I999 concerning Consumer Protection has been passed, which is commonly referred to as UUPK. The form of legal protection for consumers is in the form of civil, criminal, and administrative law. Consumers in holding business actors accountable can use legal remedies. Settlement of consumer disputes can be resolved through out-of-court dispute resolution, both the BPSK consumer dispute resolution body and the court. The case used as a reference in this research was the Arbitration Decision of BPSK DKI Jakarta Province Number: 002/A/BPSK-DKI/IX/2012 regarding hidden defects.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
Abuse is defined as an act of physical, psychological, or emotional abuse against another person by a person or group; it frequently involves an unfair distribution of power or authority. Abuse acts are grave human rights breaches that can injure victims physically, psychologically, or emotionally. The purpose of this research was to ascertain the legal protections available to children who were the victims of criminal acts of abuse at school as well as countermeasures that could be implemented in such cases. In this study, an empirical research methodology was adopted. Both primary and secondary data collection methods were used to get the data. In-depth interviews with sources who worked as guidance and counselling teachers was the primary data. In addition, to obtain a true picture of the circumstances and the steps the school took to address abuse, direct observations were conducted at a number of schools. Secondary data related to the research issue was gathered from government reports, scholarly literature, and legal records. The study's findings demonstrated that children who were the victims of illegal acts of abuse at school were entitled to legal protection against violence, which included verbal, physical, and psychological abuse. The primary framework for safeguarding children, especially school-age children, was Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection, as updated by Law Number 35 of 2014. The right of children to be shielded from abuse and violence was emphasized by this statute. Additionally, by resolving issues internally through counselling and raising awareness of the hazards of violence, teachers can play a significant role in preventing violence in schools, according to this research. The school has stringent policies in place for dealing with violent incidents, which may include calling the police in certain situations.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
Lightning is a natural phenomenon that occurs in the atmosphere. Lightning is a surge of charge in the form of an electrical discharge from a charged cloud. The discharge that occurs can hit an object such as the earth's surface. The existence of tall buildings on the earth's surface is the closest object that can be struck by lightning The effects of lightning strikes are very dangerous for humans and can cause damage to buildings. To prevent the danger of lightning strikes, a lightning rod is installed. Lightning protection consists of two types, namely internal lightning and external lightning protection. The research discussed external lightning protection. External lightning protection consists of Air Termination, Down Conductor and Earth Termination (Grounding). Based on the results of field measurements, the grounding calculation result was 2.112. The analysis using the protection angle method resulted in an angle formed of 45 with a base radius of 38,75 meters. Furthermore, employing the rolling sphere method produced a spherical radius of 60 meters and a lightning current of 234.89 kA.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2022•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
The focus of this study were two topics regarding the legal protection and empowerment of little fisherman in the city of Tarakan. First, how to put little fishermen’s empowerment and protection into practice. Second, what challenges faced by little fishermen in obtaining legal protection and empowerment. The research law principles used in this thesis were those of normative juridical research. Both a statutory and a conceptual approach were used in this investigation. Primary legal materials and secondary legal materials were the two sources of legal information used in this study. The legislation pertaining to the empowerment and protection of little fisherman was the main legal documentation employed. In order to give context, interviews were conducted at the Tarakan city’s fisheries and marine servise using secondary legal documents that were gathered from books, journals, the internet, and other sources. Given the findings of this study and the absence of regional regulation (perda) that expressly governed little fisherman in the city of Tarakan, the authors drew the conclusion that Law Number 7 of 2016 was still a reference for their legal protection and empowerment. The classification of fishermen who required protection and empowerment was necessary to ensure that the protection and empowerment policies offered were effective and capable of achieving the desired result. The application of legal protection and the empowerment of little fishermen was hampered by a number of factors, including the lack of legal expertise among fishermen, challenges to providing legal aid, issue with fisherman data, and the use of fishing equipment that was outside the rules. Three further challenges were budget, authority, and meeting times with fishermen.
