ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
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Seaweed is one of the potential marine commodities to be developed in coastal areas. To get maximum income, farmers must be able to increase production and reduce production costs. Therefore farmers must be able to use farming inputs efficiently. This study aims: (1) to find out how much the income of seaweed farmers (Eucheuma Cottoni) in the Pantai Amal Village; (2) to analyze the factors that influence the production of seaweed (Eucheuma Cottoni) in Pantai Amal Village; (3) to find out the elasticity of seaweed production (Eucheuma Cottoni) in the Pantai Amal Village. The method used is income analysis, multiple linear regression analysis through the Cobb-Douglas approach and production elasticity. The samples used were 60 seaweed farmers. Determination of the sample using the Sampling Quota. The analysis shows that the total costs incurred by farmers in seaweed farming is Rp. 8,121,768 with revenues of Rp. 19,934,167 so that the income of farmers is Rp. 11,812,399 in one seaweed production. The estimation results of the model show that the variable seed (X1), labor (X2), rope stretch (X3) and experience of farming (X4) significantly influence seaweed production. Seed elasticity value is 0.565, labor elasticity is 0.105, stretch rope elasticity is 0.438 and business experience elasticity is 0.216. These results indicate that Ep 1 (between no and one). So that the seed variables, labor, stretch ropes and farming experience are inelastic. This means that the four variables have not made a major contribution to seaweed production in the Pantai Amal Village of Tarakan City.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
AN ANALYSIS OF EIGHTH GRADERS' READING SKILL PROBLEMS AT MTS NEGERI TARAKAN THROUGH BROWN'S THEOR Y Abstract This study aims to analyze the reading skill challenges faced by eighth-grade students at MTs Negeri Tarakan using Brown's theory. This study focused on identifying the specific problems students encountered in reading English texts based on Brown's theory and analyzing the factors that contributed to these difficulties. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques consisting of documentation, observation, and semi-structured interviews. The research subjects consisted of six eighth-grade students from Class VIII-D, selected through a purposive sampling technique based on various levels of reading proficiency, and an English teacher. The data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, which consisted of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, with source triangulation to ensure data validity. The research findings revealed that the reading difficulties experienced by students stem from limited vocabulary, poor understanding of sentence structure, and problems with fluency and pronunciation. In addition, psychological factors such as anxiety, low motivation, and a lack of self-confidence also play a major role in exacerbating students' reading difficulties. This study further indicates that anxiety about using a foreign language significantly affects reading comprehension, leading students to avoid active reading activities. Therefore, it can be concluded that students' reading difficulties are not only cognitive and linguistic in nature but are also heavily influenced by affective factors that create an "emotional filter" in the English language learning process.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
This study aims to analyse the difficulties experienced by Year 8 pupils in learning English vocabulary and to identify the factors causing these difficulties at State Junior High School No. 11, Tarakan. This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach. The research subjects were pupils in Class VIII-I at State Junior High School 11 Tarakan and an English teacher. Data collection techniques included classroom observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The data were analysed through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of the study indicate that students experience several difficulties in learning English vocabulary, namely difficulties with pronunciation, spelling, understanding vocabulary meanings, and using vocabulary in appropriate grammatical and communicative contexts. Difficulties with pronunciation arise from differences between the sound systems of English and Indonesian, whilst difficulties with spelling stem from discrepancies between spelling and pronunciation in English. Furthermore, pupils also experience difficulties in understanding the meaning of vocabulary in context and constructing sentences according to correct grammatical rules. This study also found that internal and external factors influence difficulties in learning vocabulary. Internal factors include low motivation to learn, anxiety, a lack of self-confidence, and limited strategies for memorising vocabulary. Meanwhile, external factors included teaching methods and classroom practices, limited learning resources and facilities, a lack of family support, and exposure to English outside the classroom, which is often passive. Therefore, cooperation among teachers, schools, parents, and pupils was required to create a more effective and meaningful vocabulary-learning experience.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2025•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
Listening comprehension is considered the most challenging skill in English language learning. Tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 4 Tarakan still experience limited vocabulary, rapid speech, poor audio quality, environmental distractions, and low motivation. This study aims to analyse these difficulties and their underlying factors using a qualitative descriptive approach through observations, interviews, and document analysis. The findings indicate that the primary obstacles stem from vocabulary limitations, audio speed, inadequate media quality, external disturbances, and affective factors such as anxiety and low motivation. This research provides a comprehensive overview of students' listening challenges and serves as a foundation for teachers to design more effective listening instruction strategies tailored to learners' needs.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2025•
Speaking skills are a crucial aspect of effective communication, both in academic settings and daily life. However, many students-particularly those learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) continue to face challenges in mastering this skill due to various internal and external barriers. This study aims to identify the factors that inhibit the English-speaking skills of second-semester students in the English Education Study Program at Universitas Borneo Tarakan. A qualitative case study approach was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews with 19 students, supported by questionnaires and classroom observations. The data were analyzed thematically and validated through instrument triangulation. The findings reveal that psychological factors-such as anxiety, fear of making mistakes, lack of self-confidence, and shyness-are the most dominant barriers. Furthermore, linguistic challenges, such as limited vocabulary, grammatical errors, and pronunciation, also contributed. External factors such as an unsupportive environment and limited speaking opportunities also contribute to students' difficulties. Conversely, the use of technology and media was found to have a positive impact on increasing students' motivation and participation in speaking activities. The findings of this study confirm that internal factors need to be addressed first to improve speaking skills.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2024•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
This research aimed to determine the difficulties in reading comprehension faced by the second semester students of English Education Department at Borneo Tarakan University and the difficulties factors they faced in reading comprehension. A descriptive qualitative method was employed, with a sample consisting 79 students from the English Education Department, divide into two groups: local A1 (34 students) and local A2 (45 students). Six students were selected for interviews using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection methods include observations, tests, and interviews. The data analysis involved steps of data collection, reduction, display, and conclusion verification. The test results revealed that 32 out 79 students (45.71%) did not meet any CEFR Level category, 24 students (32.29%) were categorize as Basic User-Waystage (A2), 9 students (12.86%) as Independent User-Threshold (B1), and 5 students (7.14%) as Independent User-Vantage (B2). Among the 13 skills tested, the easiest was “Skill 2: Recognize the Organization of Ideas” with mean score of 47. The next easiest was “Skill 5: Find Unstated Detail.” With mean score 45. The most difficult skill was “Skill 8: Find Definition From Structural Word,” with mean score only 9. Internal factors contributing to these difficulties included psychological aspects, lack of self-motivation, and insufficient vocabulary mastery, with the letter being the most significant. External factors included the lecturer’s teaching techniques, the learning environment and the students’ background knowledge, with the learning environment being the most dominant external factors.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2023•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
Length-weight relationsips (LWR) and condition factor are of great importance in fishery assessment studies since it provides information aboud the growth of the fish, its general wellbeing, and fitness in an aquatic habitat. This study was conducted to exminel LWR and the condition factor of silver barb (Barbonymus sp). This fish is one of the economically valuble fish in the Luweng river. A fish samples were taken from gill net. Sampling was conducted in October to November 2021. 30 specimens examined. Lenght-weight relationship was analysed using the equation W = a.L b. The condition factor of the fish species was determined using the equation, CF = W/aL b. A LWR showed a negative allometric growth (b=2.73). The condition factor range between 0.81 and 1.25, average 1.01.50% of specimen were normal weight, indicating this species were well-being in their environmental.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2023•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
The objectives of this research were to describe the level of students’ listening comprehension and the factors that caused difficulties in learning listening of the eight-grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Tarakan. This research employed a quantitative descriptive design. The subject of this research were the eight-grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Tarakan which consist of 30 students taken by using cluster random sampling technique. The data were collected using a listening test and questionnaire. A test contained 25 questions and a questionnaire contained 28 statements related to difficulties in learning listening. The findings from this research were that the level of students’ listening comprehension was very poor with mean score of 48, and the majority of students (23 out 30) found difficulties when learning English, especially learning listening. There were several factors of difficulties faced by students when learning listening. Those difficulties were related to (1) the quality of the recorder which showed that 60 % of students felt difficult; (2) the culture differences which showed that 53% felt very difficult; (3) the accents which showed that 83% of students felt students; (4) the unfamiliar words which showed that 76% of students felt difficult; (5) the length and speed which showed that 73% of students felt difficult; (6) the physical conditional with showed that 73% of students felt difficult; and (7) the lack of concentration which showed that 80% of students felt difficult. Thus, the highest factor of difficulties in learning listening by the eight-grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Tarakan was difficulty related to accents.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2023•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
ABSTRACT EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION FACTORS IN THE MEAT BALL PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN THE TARAKAN CITY Yulianti Charitin Devi, S.E., M.Sc The purpose of this study was to determine the level of technical efficiency, price efficiency, and economic efficiency of production factors in the amount of raw materials, labor, raw material prices, and working hours in the meatball pentol processing industry in Tarakan City. The analytical tool used in this research is quantitative descriptive analysis and efficiency. The results of the study showed that from the efficiency calculation results obtained a technical efficiency value of 1, a price efficiency of 6.42, an economic efficiency of 6.42 and a return to scale value of 0.16 which indicates the meatball pentol processing industry is on Decreasing Return To Scale and the results of technical efficiency have been efficient. However, the results of price efficiency and economic efficiency are not efficient. In this study, it can be suggested to the industry that it should make use of production factors that are owned proportionally in order to achieve efficiency so that the meatball pentol processing industry that is run can provide maximum profits.
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2022•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
Vegetable farming in the District of East Tarakan used a polyculture cropping pattern, which is an agricultural business that cultivates various types of crops on
the same land. By planting more than one type of plant in one field at the same time in one place, there may be differences in the use of inputs which will affect
production. This research was conducted in the District of East Tarakan. The purpose of this study, was first, to determine the factors that influence the
production of vegetable horticultural food crops, secondly to analyze the factors that influence the overall production of vegetable farming, and thirdly to analyze
the partial production factors that most influence the production of vegetable farming. The sampling method was purposive sampling by quota, with a total of 30
farmers as samples. The analysis used is multiple linear regression in logarithmic form with Cobb Douglas production function. Based on the results of the F test
simultaneously, the use of land area production factors, seeds, fungicides, insecticides, shrimp shell fertilizers, chicken manure, and labor from mustard
greens, pakcoy, kale, spinach, and celery gave a very real effect. Based on the value of the determinant coefficient R2 for the five varieties, it was found that these variables can affect the production of mustard kumala by 93%, pakcoy by 86.7%, kale by 88.5%, spinach by 77.7%, and celery by 92.9%. In mustard greens, the independent variables that have a very significant effect are seeds (X2), shrimp shell fertilizer (X5), pakcoy vegetables are land area (X1), insecticides (X4), shrimp shell fertilizers (X5), kale is a land area (X1), shrimp shell fertilizer (X5), spinach is a
land area (X1), insecticide (X4), shrimp shell fertilizer (X5), chicken manure fertilizer (X6), celery is a land (X1), shrimp shell fertilizer (X5), chicken manure
fertilizer (X6).
ThesisOpen AccessMetadata saja
2022•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir
This study aims to determine the structure of the plankton community as a water bioindicator. The location of the research was carried out at two points, namely station I in the estuary area and at station II close to settlements. Sampling was carried out 15 times for 2 months. The structure of the plankton community at high tide in Amal Baru coastal waters as the object of research includes abundance, diversity index, uniformity index, and dominance index. The types of phytoplankton found at the research site consisted of 3 classes, namely Bacillariophyceae, Coscinodiscophyceae and Dinophycea classes and zooplankton from Crustacea classes. The most common type of phytoplankton found at the research site is the Bacillariophyceae class because this class has good adaptability to its environment. Phytoplankton abundance index values obtained ranged from 14-94 cells/l and zooplankton abundance values obtained ranged from 4-16, including in the low category. The diversity index value is in the medium category with the uniformity index in the high uniformity category and low dominance. The chemical and physical factors of the Amal Baru coastal waters of the city of Tarakan at the research location are still good for the life of aquatic organisms.
