Uji bioaktivitas akar kuning (Arcangelisia flava merr) dan laos (alpinia galanga) sebagai antibakteri dan antioksidan
Abstrak Akar kuning dan laos sebagai obat tradisional masyarakat indonesia. Oleh karena itulah perlu membuktikan secara ilmiah terkait khasiat kedua bahan tersebut melalui uji bioaktivitas. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menguraikan persentase rendeman yang didapatkan dari masing-masing ekstrak akar kuning dan laos yang dihasilkan, mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder dengan fitokimia, menguji kosentrasi ekstrak akar kuning dan laos sebagai antibakteri serta menguji potensi ekstrak akar kuning dan laos sebagai antioksidan. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode maserasi suksesif bertingkat, skrining fitokimia, agar difusi sumuran dan DPPH. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu sampel akar kuning heksan, etil asetat dan metanol masing-masing memiliki persentase rendeman sebesar 0,16% , 0,18%, 1,44 %. Kemudian untuk sampel laos heksan, etil asetat dan metanol memiliki persentase rendeman sebesar 1,77%, 0,64%, 2,37%. Selanjutnya hasil skrining fitokimia yaitu pada akar kuning metanol mengandung alkaloid, fenol, saponin, tanin dan flavanoid. Disamping itu laos heksan dan etil asetat mengandung alkaloid dan steroid, untuk laos metanol yaitu alkaloid dan tanin. Selain itu, aktivitas antibakteri terdapat pada kosentrasi 2000 ppm yaitu ekstrak akar kuning metanol di bakteri uji Sterptococcus aureus, Sterptococcus sobrinus, Ralstonia solanacearum dan Propionibacterium acnes dengan masing-masing daya hambat sebesar 34%, 32%, 32% dan 28% dan 1000 ppm pada R. Solanacearum sebesar 24%. Kemudian pada laos etil asetat di bakteri uji S. Sobrinus dan R. Solanacearum yakni masing-masing daya hambat sebesar 29% dan 36% di 2000 ppm dan 1000 ppm sebesar 29%, 36%. Terakhir berdasarkan hasil pengujian DPPH didapatkan ekstrak laos metanol memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi sebesar 95,01%. Abstract Yellow root (Arcangelisia jlava Merr) and Laos (Alpinia galanga) are used as traditional medicine for Indonesian people. Therefore, it is necessary to scientifically prove the efficacy of these two materials through bioactivity tests. The purposes of this study were to describe the percentage of soaking of each of the extracts of the Yellow Roots and Laos, identify the content of secondary . metabolites with phytochemicals, test the concentration of extracts of the Yellow Roots and Laos as antibacterial, and test the potential of extracts of the Yellow Roots and Laos as antioxidants. This study used the methods of stratified successive maceration, phytochemical screening, agar well diffusion and DPPH. The results showed that the Yellow Root samples of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol each had soaking percentage of 0.16%, 0.18%, and 1.44%. Then, for the Laos hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol samples, the soaking percentages were 1.77%, 0.64%, and 2.37%. Furthermore, the results of phytochemical screening, namely methanol Yellow Roots contained alkaloids, phenols, saponins, tannins and flavonoids. Besides, Laos hexane and ethyl acetate contained alkaloids and steroids, for Laos methanol were alkaloids and tannins. In addition, antibacterial activity was found at a concentration of 2000 ppm, namely methanol Yellow Root extract in the test bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus sobrinus, Ralstonia solanacearum and Propionibacterium acnes with inhibitory powers of 34%, 32%, 32% and 28% and 1000 ppm, respectively, in R. Solanacearum by 24%. Then on Laos ethyl acetate in the test bacteria S. Sobrinus and R. Solanacearum, 29% and 36% inhibition were at 2000 ppm and at 1000 ppm were 29%, 36%, respectively. Finally, based on the results of the DPPH test, it was found that the Laos methanol extract had the highest antioxidant activity of 95.01 %.