Abstrak
This study aimed to identify and analyze the factors influencing cocoa farming income in Metun Sajau Village, Tanjung Palas Timur District, Bulungan Regency. Cocoa is a commodity with substantial economic potential in the region, although its development is constrained by several challenges such as limited capital, suboptimal use of production inputs, and the continued reliance on traditional management practices. A quantitative research approach was employed, using multiple linear regression analysis to examine the effects of land area (X1), production costs (X2), and production volume (X3) on cocoa farmers' income (Y). Data were collected from 30 active cocoa farmers selected using a purposive sampling technique. The analysis revealed that, simultaneously, the three independent variables significantly influenced the income of cocoa farmers, as indicated by an F-test significance value of 0.000 (0.05). Partially, each variable also had a statistically significant effect, with p-values below 0.05. The coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.507, indicating that 50.7% of the variation in income could be explained by the combined effect of land area, production costs, and production volume. On average, farmers earned a net income of IDR 66,530,867 per hectare per year from cocoa farming. These findings emphasized the importance of optimizing land use, managing production costs efficiently, and increasing production output to improve farmers' income. The results were expected to serve as a reference for farmers, local governments, and private stakeholders in formulating strategies to enhance cocoa productivity and support the sustainable economic welfare of cocoa farmers in Bulungan Regency, particularly in Metun Sajau Village. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pendapatan usahatani kakao di Desa Metun Sajau, Kecamatan Tanjung Palas Timur, Kabupaten Bulungan. Variabel independen yang dikaji meliputi luas lahan, biaya produksi, dan jumlah produksi, sedangkan variabel dependennya adalah pendapatan petani kakao. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode analisis regresi linier berganda. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 30 petani kakao yang dipilih secara purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan, ketiga variabel independen berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan petani kakao. Secara parsial, luas lahan, biaya produksi, dan jumlah produksi masing-masing juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan. Koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,507 menunjukkan bahwa 50,7% variasi pendapatan dapat dijelaskan oleh ketiga variabel tersebut. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya pengelolaan lahan, efisiensi biaya, dan peningkatan produksi dalam upaya meningkatkan pendapatan petani kakao. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan bagi petani, pemerintah, dan pihak terkait dalam merumuskan strategi peningkatan kesejahteraan petani kakao secara berkelanjutan.