PENGARUH TEKNIK MODELING SIMBOLIK TERHADAP ETIKA SOPAN SANTUN SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 5 TARAKAN
This study aims to determine the effect of symbolic modeling techniques on students' etiquette. Theoretically, etiquette is understood as the application of moral values and norms that guide students' conduct, speech, and behavior in accordance with prevailing norms. This study employed a quantitative approach using a pre-experimental design, specifically a one-group pre-test-post-test design. The research sample consisted of 10 students selected using simple random sampling. Data collection used a politeness and etiquette scale that had undergone validity and reliability testing. Researcher analyzed the data using descriptive and inferential statistics, including a paired-sample t-test in SPSS. The results indicated that students' levels of etiquette and manners before the intervention fell into the categories of very high (10 percent), high (20 percent), moderate (40 percent), and low (30 percent). After implementing group counseling using the symbolic modeling technique, etiquette and manners improved, as indicated by a shift to the high category (100 percent). Based on the hypothesis analysis, a significance value (Sig. 2-tailed) of 0.000 0.05 was obtained; therefore, Ho was rejected, and Hi was accepted. Based on these results, the symbolic modeling technique affected students' etiquette and manners.